- What is the birth control pill?
The birth control pill contains hormones that stop ovulation from taking place and thicken the mucus on the cervix, thus preventing pregnancy. Some people take the birth control pill for reasons different than that of preventing pregnancy. There are two kinds of birth control pills: combined pills and progestin-only pills.
- How does it work?
Combined pills have two hormones, progestin and estrogen. Combined pills prevent pregnancy by stopping ovulation, thickening the mucus on the cervix, and thinning the lining of the uterus.
Progestin-only pills have one hormone, estrogen, hence the name. This form of birth control prevents pregnancy by thickening the mucus on the cervix and thinning the lining of the uterus. It does not usually stop ovulation.
- Does it prevent STDs?
No, the birth control pill does not protect against STDs or STIs.
- Effectiveness
It is 91% effective, if taken correctly (every day on time).
- Cost
The birth control pill can cost anywhere from $0 to $50 per month, depending on the brand and insurance coverage.
- Maintenance
Both kinds of birth control pills have to be taken every day. Combination pills don’t have to be taken at the same time every day to work effectively. Progestin-only pills do have to be taken at the same time every day to be effective against preventing pregnancy.
You can choose to skip the placebo pills and start a new pack in order to skip periods. You also don’t have to take the placebo pills while you’re on your period.
- Advantages
Prevents pregnancy
Can reduce acne
Can make periods lighter and regular
Can lessen menstrual cramps
May reduce risk of certain cancers and infections
You can skip periods
- Disadvantages/Side Effects
Must be taken daily
Spotting between periods
Nausea
Breast soreness
Headaches/migraines
* Most side effects disappear after two or three months
- Prescription/Doctor Requirement
The birth control pill does require a Doctor’s prescription. Some services provide online prescriptions: you can answer a questionnaire, tell them what you’re looking for, they will then write you a prescription and either mail you your birth control or send your prescription to a local pharmacy of your choice).
Images by JC Gellidon, Kinga Cichewicz, and Reproductive Health Supplies Coalition from Unsplash.
