- What is the IUD?
IUD stands for Intrauterine Device and it goes inside the uterus. It is small in size, made of plastic, and shaped like the letter “T”. There is the copper IUD and the hormonal IUD.
- How does it work?
The copper IUD prevents pregnancy because the copper makes it hard for sperm to get to an egg and it can last up to 12 years. If inserted up to five days after sexual intercourse, it can be used as emergency contraception with 99.99% effectiveness. You can choose to keep it as a birth control option after using it as emergency contraception.
The hormonal IUD prevents pregnancy by releasing progestin to stop ovulation and to thicken the mucus in the cervix. The hormonal IUD lasts anywhere from three to seven years, based on which brand you get.
- Does it prevent STDs?
No, the IUD does not protect against STDs or STIs.
- Effectiveness
It is over 99% effective.
- Cost
The IUD can cost anywhere from $0 to $1300 depending on insurance coverage
- Maintenance
An IUD must be inserted by a doctor or a nurse. Once inserted, it can last anywhere from 3 to 12 years depending on which kind you get. Some doctors may ask you to come back while menstruating to insert the IUD.
- Advantages
Protects against pregnancy for 3 to 12 years
Can lessen cramps
Periods may become lighter and regular
The copper IUD has no hormones and it can be used as emergency contraceptive
- Disadvantages/Side Effects
Insertion can be painful and uncomfortable
It can slip out of the uterus
Can’t use menstrual cups with IUD
Infection during insertion
- Prescription/Doctor Requirement
The IUD must be inserted by a doctor or a nurse. There are four brands of hormonal IUDs and one brand of copper IUD available.
Images by Isi Parente, Reproductive Health Supplies Coalition, and Johann LIBOT from Unsplash.
